Liquid Silicon: stabilized Orthosilicic Acid

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Literature concerning Choline stabilized Orthosilicic acid for human use and additional nutrients for animals.

1. Greenwood NN, Earnshaw A: Chemistry of the elements. 2nd edition. Oxford: Butterworth-Heinemann; 1997. 

2. Martin KR: The chemistry of silica and its potential health benefits. J Nutr Health Aging 2007, 11(2):94–97. 

3. Schwarz K: Silicon, fibre, and atherosclerosis. Lancet 1977, 1(8009):454–457.  

4. Frey KS, Pottery GD: Plasma silicon and radiographic bone density in weaning quarter horses fed sodium zeolite A. Equine Vet Science 1991, 12:292–296. 

5. Candy JM, Edwardson JA, Klinowski J, Oakley AE, Perry EK, Perry RH: Colocalisation of aluminum and silicon in senile plaques: implications for the neurochemical pathology of Alzheimer's disease. In Senile dementia of the Alzheimer type. Edited by Traber J, Gispen WH. Heidelberg: Springer; 1985:183–197.  

6. O'Connor CI, Nielsen BD, Woodward AD, Spooner HS, Ventura BA, Turner KK: Mineral balance in horses fed two supplemental silicon sources. J Anim Physiol Anim Nutr (Berl) 2008, 92(2):173–181. 

7. Reffitt DM, Jugdaohsingh NR, Thompson RPH, Powel JJ: Silicic acid: its gastrointestinal uptake and urinary excretion in man and effects on aluminium excretion. J Inorg Biochem 1999, 76(2):141–147. 

8. Van Dyck K, Robberecht H, Van Cauwenbergh R, Van Vlaslaer V, Deelstra H: Indication of silicon essentiality in humans. Serum concentrations in Belgian children and adults, including pregnant women. Biol Trace Elem Res 2000, 77(1):25–32.  

9. Barel A, Calomme M, Timchenko A, De Paepe K, Demeester N, Rogiers V, Clarys P, Vanden Berghe D: Effects of oral intake of choline-stabilized orthosilicic acid on skin, nails, and hair in women with photodamaged skin. Arch Dermatol Res 2005, 297:147–153.  

10. Austin JH: Silicon levels in human tissues. Nobel Symp 1997, :255–268. 11. Carlisle EM: Silicon: an essential element for the chick. Science 1972, 178:619–621. 

11. Fregert S: Studies on silicon in tissues with special reference to skin. J Invest Dermatol 1958, 31(2):95–96. 

12. McNaughton SA, Bolton-Smith C, Mishra GD, Jugdaohsingh R, Powell JJ: Dietary silicon intake in post-menopausal women. Br J Nut 2005, 94:813–817. 

13. Jugdaohsingh R, Calomme MR, Robinson K, Nielsen F, Anderson SHC, D'Haese P, Geusens P, Loveridge N, Thompson RPH, Powell JJ: Increased longitudinal growth in rats on a silicon-depleted diet. Bone 2008, 43(3):596–606. 

14. Van Dyck K, Van Cauwenbergh R, Robberecht H, Deelstra H: Bioavailability of silicon from food and food supplements. Fresenius J Anal Chem 1999, 363:541–544. 

15. Sripanyakorn S, Jugdaohsingh R, Elliott H, Walker C, Mehta P, Shoukru S: The silicon content of beer and its bioavailability in healthy volunteers. Br J Nutr 2004, 91(3):403–409. 

16. Jugdaohsingh R, Reffitt DM, Oldham C, Day JP, Fifield LK, Thompson RPH: Oligomeric but not monomeric silica prevents aluminum absorption in humans. Am J Clin Nutr 2000, 71(4):944–949. 

17. European Food Safety Authority: Scientific opinion of the panel on food additives and nutrient sources added to food. The EFSA Journal 2009, 948:1–23. 

18. Lassus A: Colloidal silicic acid for oral and topical treatment of aged skin, fragile hair and brittle nails in females. J Int Med Res 1993, 21(4):209–215. 

19. Schwarz K, Ricci BA, Punsar S, Karvonen MJ: Inverse relation of silicon in drinking water and atherosclerosis in Finland. Lancet 1977, 1(8010):538–539. 

20. Gonzalez-Munoz MJ, Meseguer I, Sanchez-Reus MI, Schultz A: Beer consumption reduces cerebral oxidation caused by aluminum toxicity by normalizing gene expression of tumor necrotic factor alpha and several antioxidant enzymes. Food Chem Toxicol 2008, 46(3):1111–1118. 

21. Maehira F, Ishimine N, Miyagi I, Eguchi Y, Shimada K: Anti-diabetic effects including diabetic nephropathy of anti-osteoporotic trace minerals on diabetic mice. Nutrition 2010, 27(4):488–495. 38. Dobbie JW, Smith MJB: The silicon content of body fluids. Scott Med J 1982, 27:17–19. 39. Carlisle EM: Silicon. In Biochemistry of the essential ultratrace elements. Edited by Frieden E. New York: Plenum Press; 1984:257–291. 

22. D' Haese PC, Shaheen FA, Huraid SO: Increased silicon levels in dialysis patients due to high silicon content in the drinking water, inadequate water treatment procedures, and concentrate contamination: a multicentre study. Nephrol Dial Transplant 1995, 10:1838–1844. 

23. Maehira F, Motomura K, Ishimine N, Miyagi I, Eguchi Y, Teruya S: Soluble silica and coral sand suppress high blood pressure and improve the related aortic gene expressions in spontaneously hypertensive rats. Nutr Res 2011, 31(2):147–156. Jurkić et al. Nutrition & Metabolism 2013, 10:2 Page 10 of 12 http://www.nutritionandmetabolism.com/content/10/1/2 

24. Carlisle EM: Silicon: a possible factor in bone calcification. Science 1970, 167:279–280. 

25. Carlisle EM: In vivo requirement for silicon in articular cartilage and connective tissue formation in the chick. J Nutr 1976, 106:478–484. 

26. Schwarz K, Miline DB: Growth promoting effects of silicon in rats. Nature 1972, 239(537):333–334. 

27. Reffitt DM, Ogston N, Jugdaohsingh R, Cheung HFJ, Evans BAJ, Thompson RPH, et al: Orthosilicic acid stimulates collagen type 1 synthesis and osteoblastic differentiation in human osteoblast-like cells in vitro. Bone 2003, 32(2):127–135. 

28. Exley C, Korchazhkina O, Job D, Strekopytov S, Polwart A, Crome P: Non invasive therapy to reduce the body burden of aluminium in Alzheimer's disease. J Alzheimers Dis 2006, 10(1):17–24. 

29. Macdonald HM, Hardcastle AC, Jugdaohsingh R, Fraser WD, Reid DM, Powell JJ: Dietary silicon interacts with oestrogen to influence bone health: Evidence from the Aberdeen Prospective Osteoporosis Screening Study. Bone 2012, 50(3):681–687. 

30. Wickett RR, Kossmann E, Barel A, Demeester N, Clarys P, Vanden Berghe D, et al: Effect of oral intake of choline-stabilized orthosilicic acid on hair tensile strength and morphology in woman with fine hair. Arch Dermatol Res 2007, 299(10):499–505. 

31. Perl DP: Relationship of aluminium to Alzheimer's disease. Environ Health Perspect 1985, 63:149–153. 71. Candy JM, Oakley AE, Klinowski J, Carpenter TA, Perry EK, Blessed G, et al: Aluminosilicates and senile plaque formation in Alzheimer's disease. Lancet 1986, 1(8477):354–357.